Doctor Group Registration：工商登记要求、经营范围限制、执业许可证与责任承担

医生集团的注册涉及工商登记、Business scope、执业许可、责任承担及合伙架构等多个层面，以下逐一说明。

工商注册要求

医生集团（Medical Group），又称“医生执业团体”或“医生执业组织”，是由多个医生组成的联盟或组织机构。

虽然名称听起来颇具规模感，但这一概念在现行《执业医师法》《医疗机构管理条例》《医疗事故处理条例》《侵权责任法》中并无对应的法律规定。

also，医生集团在工商注册方面存在诸多限制。由于名称中含“集团”二字，一般人会认为需要按照集团公司标准办理，工商部门也会要求申请人按照集团公司的要求进行申报，但这显然是医生集团难以达到的。

therefore，over a long period of time，国内工商部门不允许以“医生集团”的名义注册公司名称。国内首家体制外医生集团“张强医生集团”创始人张强透露，2014When he founded the doctor group in July，“医生集团”这几个字未能获准注册，因此他注册的公司名称为“张强医疗科技股份有限公司”。

but，医生集团现已获得多个地方工商行政部门认可，Registration can proceed smoothly。2025March 8，"Bodejialian Doctor Group Medical Co., Ltd." was successfully registered in Shenzhen，and obtain a business license。This is China’s first industrial and commercial license with the name “Doctor Group”。

经营范围限制

虽然在注册环节获得了“通关”，但医生集团在工商登记的“经营范围”一项仍存在尴尬。It is reported that，目前医生集团在工商管理登记的经营范围只能从事医疗管理、medical consultation、Medical technology research and development and other business activities，Diagnosis and treatment activities are a doctor’s job，在经营范围内被明确禁止——“不得从事诊疗活动”。

This means，A physician group is legally just a physician management company，Cannot accept doctor registration，无法独立开展医疗服务。

医生集团之所以不能从事诊疗服务，根本原因在于未获得《医疗机构执业许可证》，因此只能采取与其他医院合作的方式开展业务，Including registering the group’s doctors in partner hospitals，Take patients to partner hospitals for diagnosis and treatment。

In terms of settlement，Physician groups are also not eligible to charge patients，It can only be shared with cooperative medical institutions in the name of consulting fees.。

是否需要取得单独的《医疗机构执业许可证》

Lawyer Yu Huaisheng said，From a legal perspective，As long as a doctor group obtains a business license, it is already a commercial entity.，Even if you have not obtained the "Medical Institution Practice License"，也可以通过与其他医院合作的方式开展业务。

therefore，《医疗机构执业许可证》不是医生集团的必备条件，But if you have this license，可以让医生集团的发展更为顺利。主要体现在以下四个方面：

1. Helpful in purchasing medical liability insurance；
2. Conducive to market-oriented operations outside the system；
3. 有利于增加对医生的吸引力（医生可以成为该医生集团的医疗合伙人或股东，May also be employed by the physician group)；
4. 有利于打通医保（《医疗机构执业许可证》是申请医保的基本条件）。

对患者的赔偿责任如何承担

Introduction to Yu Huaisheng，Doctor groups under different organizational structures，There are three ways to compensate patients：

1. 合伙制的医生集团：医疗作为高度专业性、independent industry，The suitable structure for a doctor group is a partnership。Partnership means，If a doctor group needs to bear liability for compensation，The partnership property will be borne first。And if the partnership property is insufficient，All partners shall be jointly and severally liable。"This may happen：Doctor A in the doctor group caused medical negligence，Insufficient partnership property，Will take Dr. B’s house、Selling the car。"Yu Huaisheng explained this way。
2. 特殊的普通合伙：相比普通合伙形式下合伙人承担连带责任，The "special general partnership" form provides a more flexible approach to liability。Article 57 of the Partnership Enterprise Law of the People's Republic of China：A partner or several partners intentionally or grossly negligently cause debts to the partnership enterprise during their business activities.，Should bear unlimited liability or unlimited joint and several liability，Other partners are liable to the extent of their share of the property in the partnership。For damages not caused intentionally or grossly negligent，Each partner bears joint liability。
3. 公司制：公司以资产为限对外承担法律责任；Shareholders bear liability based on capital contribution。

合伙注意事项

1. “干股”的问题：为了吸引专业人才（如技术负责人或者资深儿科医生），Some doctor groups will provide certain "stem shares" (shares obtained without capital contribution) to talents.。Founders should pay attention to ensuring that they have control over the company，We can learn from the approach of “same shares with different rights”。
2. “股权代持”的问题：有的医生不舍得离开公立医院的职位或有其他顾虑，Will choose equity holding agency。The law protects physicians’ ownership of equity，但表决权也需要通过间接委托解决，这其中存在风险。
3. 股权激励的问题：余怀生表示，If a doctor group adopts a partnership model，Be cautious about employee equity incentives，Don't make a decision by beating your head。For employees with equity incentives，最好设置好激励条件，比如业务员完成业务拓展任务就获得股权激励，Otherwise no，Be motivating、There are restrictions。Equity share for employee incentives，Yu Huaisheng recommends maintaining it between 10% and 15%，Do not exceed 20%，Otherwise, it will easily lead to the loss of senior management。
4. 预留股权：余怀生还建议，Doctor groups can reserve a portion of equity，To prepare for attracting talents later。he thinks，医生集团可以预留15%~20%股权给后来的优秀人才。otherwise，If in the later period, the original shareholding employees are allowed to cut out a certain proportion of equity from the shares,，Will affect employees’ mentality。