Port communicationDetailed explanation of the differences and integration of financial leasing and supply chain finance [Introduction] Financial leasing and supply chain finance are two important aspects of my country’s current transformation process，A common choice between the country and enterprises，Its core is to turn finance from virtual to real，Return to the essence of finance，Promote the development of the real economy。Financial leasing and supply chain finance are part of my country's current transformation process，A common choice between the country and enterprises，Its core is to turn finance from virtual to real，Return to the essence of finance，Promote the development of the real economy。
This article analyzes the differences and integration methods between financial leasing and supply chain finance.。For companies that want to transform，This article has certain reference value。The difference between financial leasing and supply chain finance 1、Financial leasing with different entities：The financial leasing business is mainly carried out by these financial leasing companies.。These companies use their own funds to purchase equipment needed by lessees from suppliers.，Then lease it to the lessee，Earn the difference between purchases and rental income。
Of course, financial leasing business also involves banks、insurance company、Guarantee institutions and other financial or non-financial institutions，But there are fewer member companies involved in the supply chain。It is a relatively single and independent economic entity。Moreover, the service objects of financial leasing companies are not limited to a certain industry field.，As long as there is a demand for financing, small and medium-sized enterprises can become the company's service targets.。
Generally speaking, the future development trend of the financial leasing industry has two directions.：One is to develop towards a large and comprehensive financial leasing giant.，This type of financial leasing company will continue to expand its business areas，from traditional mechanical manufacturing、Shipbuilding industry and other fields to cultural creativity、Expansion in agricultural products and other fields；Another direction of development is to develop into specialized subdivisions.，Deeply engaged in a certain niche industry，Developing towards a specialized financial leasing enterprise。
With the development of the financial leasing industry，More and more financial leasing companies will appear in the market competition，However, the increase in social capital will not increase much in the short term.，This means that most financial leasing companies are small in scale，Limited assets，Except for a few large financial leasing companies in the market,，Most financial leasing companies are small and medium-sized financial leasing companies with limited asset scale.。
The development direction of this type of company should be to explore niche markets，Deeply engaged in a certain niche industry。supply chain finance：Supply chain financial entities are core enterprises in the supply chain，Types of core businesses vary widely，Different supply chains have different core enterprises.。Different supply chains are composed of different member companies，Have different core businesses，The business entities of its supply chain finance are different.。
Supply chain finance is when banks and other financial institutions use the credit of core enterprises in the supply chain，Guaranteed by core enterprises，A financing model that provides credit lines to small and medium-sized enterprises in the supply chain。Mainly inventory financing、down payment financing、Accounts Receivable Financing、Accounts payable financing and more。
Providers of funds are often financial institutions such as banks，The guarantor is the core enterprise in the supply chain，It mainly solves the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises by granting certain credit periods and credit lines.。in specific practice，Banks and other financial institutions also choose certain industries to carry out this business based on risk prevention and control considerations.，Such as steel、wood、Automobile manufacturing and other industries。
One thing these industries have in common is that they are relatively mature.，Product value is easy to determine，Products can also be easily monetized in the trading market。From this point of view，Financial leasing and supply chain finance have something in common，In the selection of industry fields, priority is given to industries with relatively controllable risks.，And bypass or temporarily avoid risky industries。But the future development trend of both is to expand into more business areas.，Continuously open up new profit space。
With financial leasing companies、When banks and other financial institutions have made major improvements in risk prevention and control in providing financial services to small and medium-sized enterprises，More companies will enter risky industries，For example, cultural and creative industries。
2、National support policies favor different financial leasing：Financial leasing plays a very important role internationally，In many developed countries in the West, financial leasing has become the second largest financing channel after bank loans.，The market size is huge，At the same time, it has developed a long history and a relatively mature business paradigm.，It has been strongly sought after by various countries。my country is currently in a critical period of economic transformation，The state must inspire the public’s enthusiasm for entrepreneurship and innovation，Financial support must be stepped up。
Financial leasing has a natural advantage in serving small and medium-sized enterprises.
Advantages
，Therefore, the national, provincial and municipal governments have recently introduced many supportive policies.。Each region has formulated detailed rules that are in line with the actual development of the region based on the country's major policies.，The introduction of subsequent detailed rules will better promote the development of the financial leasing industry.。
supply chain finance：There are still relatively few national policies specifically targeting supply chain financial support.，Some policies will mention promoting the development of supply chain finance，For example, supply chain finance is mentioned in policies related to financial leasing.。Comparing the two, supply chain finance has fewer supporting policies than financial leasing.。
The reason for the small number is that the development time of supply chain finance business is relatively short.，Both banks and other financial institutions and the government are in the exploratory stage.，Issuing relevant policies without clearly exploring the development characteristics and models of supply chain finance may be detrimental to the development of the industry.。With the continuous development of supply chain finance，Related issues will continue to arise，The state will issue corresponding policies to address these issues。
3、Financial leasing with different risks：Financial leasing companies purchase financing objects，Lease to small and medium-sized enterprises for use，Recover the capital and earn a certain amount of income by collecting rent。
These objects are often facilities and equipment that are urgently needed by small and medium-sized enterprises.，These equipment can create certain value for small and medium-sized enterprises, which is an important material basis for the survival and development of small and medium-sized enterprises.，Small and medium-sized enterprises know that once they default，The financial leasing company will take back the financing subject matter，After all, the ownership of the financing subject matter belongs to the financial leasing company，The withdrawal will cause a fatal blow to small and medium-sized enterprises.，Without the facilities and equipment used for production, companies will cease operations or even go bankrupt.。
therefore，Compared with supply chain finance, small and medium-sized enterprises have a lower subjective willingness to default on financial leasing companies.，Because the cost of breach of contract is too high。It is based on this，The lessee does not have ownership of the financing subject matter，The risks of financial leasing companies will be small。At the same time, financial leasing companies will be more cautious when approving projects.，will remove some items that do not conform to its
Require
of SMEs are excluded from financial leasing services，to reduce risk。
And the financial leasing method is to repay the rent in installments.，The financial leasing company’s return is guaranteed，As long as the company does not encounter a major crisis，One-time rental income per period can be guaranteed。supply chain finance：For supply chain finance，Regardless of inventory pledge financing or accounts receivable financing, financial institutions such as banks have relatively high risks.。These funds are loans from banks and other financial institutions that will be repaid only after the company has actual income after the product is sold.。
Although it is a closed credit loan，However, the return of the loan still comes from the sales receivables.。The company's sales situation is highly uncertain.，This brings great risks to the credit grantor。4、Financial leasing and supply chain finance can be integrated and developed. Both financial leasing and supply chain finance can be used to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises.，The two can be integrated and developed。
Bank lending to financial leasing companies and credit lines to small and medium-sized enterprises through supply chain finance can be managed as a whole，Banks can set up specialized supply chain finance and financial leasing divisions，Make unified arrangements for the credit management of the funds and other work。Because the biggest beneficiaries of supply chain finance and financial leasing are small and medium-sized enterprises，The main source of funds also comes from financial institutions such as banks.。
Therefore, the source of funds and the ultimate use of funds are consistent，In this context，Banks and other financial institutions can coordinate the development of financial leasing and supply chain finance，To reduce the high transaction costs caused by fragmented development。In addition, comprehensive and coordinated development can also reduce the risks faced by banks and other financial institutions.。Many of the risks faced by financial leasing and supply chain finance are the same。
The development of these businesses will be affected by the economic environment，For example, if the market is weak，Supply chain finance and financial leasing business will be affected，Product sales are poor，Lack of willingness to technologically transform corresponding equipment，Even if the company has the will, it does not have the strength to update and transform。In this way, the integrated development of financial leasing and supply chain finance has become a development trend.。
From the perspective of banks and other financial institutions，They should seize such development opportunities，Coordinate the development of the two as soon as possible，Explore the laws behind their coordinated development、Possible problems，Establish corresponding coordination mechanisms and relevant departments。Competition in the financial industry is becoming increasingly fierce，Banks and other financial institutions urgently need to find new profit models，Bold innovation is one of the solutions。
Banks only make bold attempts，Bundling financial leasing and supply chain finance can open up new profit space。The mutual penetration of financial leasing and supply chain finance 1、Financial leasing companies can get involved in supply chain finance business. Financial leasing companies purchase financing objects.，Then lease the subject matter to small and medium-sized enterprises for use。
From the perspective of small and medium-sized enterprises, financial leasing companies have become suppliers in the actual sense.，The seller of the subject matter is actually the supplier of the financial leasing company.。This relationship structure is consistent with the organizational structure of the traditional supply chain.。Therefore, financial leasing companies have become a link in the supply chain.。Some financial leasing companies have very strong funds，Can be considered as the core enterprise in the supply chain。
In this way, financial leasing companies can provide supply chain financial services to downstream small and medium-sized enterprises just like core enterprises in the traditional supply chain.。Rent payment can also be deferred，Discounts are available for early return of rent。At the same time, financial leasing companies can pledge future rental income to apply for loans from banks.。At the same time, financial leasing companies can provide financing guarantees for small and medium-sized enterprises.，Let banks and other financial institutions directly provide financing to small and medium-sized enterprises。
The establishment of financial leasing companies is supported by relevant national policies，The state also has relevant industry support funds，And guarantee companies with government background provide guarantees for financial leasing companies，And the establishment of a financial leasing company requires approval from relevant departments，The establishment of a company means that its credit is guaranteed in a sense.。The risk of banks dealing with such financial leasing companies is relatively low.。
therefore，Financial leasing companies can play the role of core enterprises in the supply chain。in addition，The financial leasing company needs to purchase the subject matter from the seller of the financing subject matter.，Financial leasing companies also have a lot of room to play in the purchase process.，Although such procurement is the designated seller of small and medium-sized enterprises,，But after all, it is financed by the financial leasing company.，The ownership of the subject matter also belongs to the financial leasing company。
therefore，Financial leasing companies should regard themselves as the protagonists of this business and participate in the operation of the supply chain.。Financial leasing companies should pay attention to relevant industry developments，Understand the latest technological developments in the industry，Performance characteristics of facilities and equipment, etc.。
Comparing small and medium-sized enterprises with financial leasing companies，It has certain advantages in specialized production
Advantages
，But its assets are generally not as good as those of financial leasing companies.，In addition, the background of shareholders of financial leasing companies is relatively complex.，There may be a bank、guarantee company、Large enterprise groups and even government departments，A large number of shareholders means that the financial leasing company has more resources，In this way, companies will be more accurate when making decisions。
Financial leasing companies cannot just regard themselves as a supplier of funds.，Service provider for small and medium-sized enterprises，And we must position ourselves as a comprehensive service provider for small and medium-sized enterprises.。Not only provides financial support but also provides some consulting services。The future development direction of financial leasing companies will be towards comprehensive service providers for small and medium-sized enterprises.，Provide equipment procurement for small and medium-sized enterprises、Financing、Consulting and other services，Take on the role of supply chain integration service provider。
Under this vision，Financial leasing business needs to be integrated and developed with supply chain finance.。2、Supply chain finance can be extended to financial leasing business. Supply chain finance is also developing very rapidly.，However, its development will also encounter various problems.。For example, there are too many financing models，Financing participants are responsible for many procedures, etc.。
Similarly, the core enterprises of the supply chain play a core role in supply chain finance business.，If the core enterprises in the supply chain do not provide financing guarantees to small and medium-sized enterprises,，Supply chain finance business is difficult to carry out。Banks' consideration of supply chain finance business is not for one enterprise in the supply chain, but for the entire supply chain, especially the core enterprises in the supply chain.。
The characteristics of the supply chain determine the position of the core enterprises in the supply chain.，Once most member companies leave the core company, their survival will have big problems.。These small and medium-sized enterprises have very obvious dependence on core enterprises.。my country’s current economic development model is in urgent need of transformation，Enterprises also need to transform，This is especially true for core companies in the supply chain，Developing in the direction of establishing a financial leasing company is a good choice for core supply chain enterprises.。
Due to their strong assets, core enterprises，Accumulated more resources，Having a deep understanding of the entire supply chain can establish a financial leasing company to explore new business areas.。
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