Port communicationFinancial leasing as a new financial product、Financing tools and vendor equipment promotions，Its unique business model that combines "financing" and "financing things" adapts to the current needs of China's economic development.，Its huge market growth potential is favored by domestic and foreign financial、Widespread attention and attention from the leasing industry。Financial leasing is a financial instrument second only to bank credit in developed countries.，Nearly 1/3 of global investment is completed through financial leasing。
Financial leasing companies can be further divided into foreign-funded financial leasing and domestic-funded financial leasing.，that specific
Application conditions
Which ones are there?
Below, Manager Zhang of Hong Kong Xintong will answer your questions in detail.： The conditions for establishing a foreign-funded financial leasing company include the following aspects:：1、All investors must be corporate legal persons，And have relevant industry background or potential market for financial leasing business、Customer conditions；2、All investors must continue to operate for more than one year，The total assets of the foreign investor shall not be less than US$5 million.，The total assets of each investor shall match the amount of registered capital subscribed by the financial leasing company；3、Investors need to have good credit standing，It is necessary to provide the true facts of the investment parties、Legal asset certificate、Audit report and bank credit certificate；4、The financial leasing company to be established requires financial and related professionals，And have 2 to 5 people、Served as a senior executive in a financial leasing company for more than three years、Have relevant qualification certificates、Senior managers with a bachelor’s degree or above；5、The proportion of foreign investment is not less than 25%，Can be a wholly foreign-owned financial leasing company。
The conditions for the establishment of domestic pilot financial leasing companies include the following aspects:：The proposed domestic-funded pilot financial leasing company must meet the following requirements:
Require
：1、Domestic-funded pilot financial leasing companies are worth RMB 170 million，and requires actual capital verification；2、Have a sound internal management system and risk control system；3、Has five senior executives with finance-related majors、And such executives have more than 3 years of management experience in finance or financial leasing companies；4、The shareholder company has an industry background related to engaging in financial leasing products；At the same time, highlight the core business，Stable source of funds、Equity relationship is simple and transparent、Sound corporate governance structure、Development strategy and profit model are clear，Good integrity and tax record；5、And the priority pilot areas are equipment manufacturing and sales for major shareholders.、Field background of large-scale engineering construction and infrastructure construction，Or serve small, medium and micro enterprises and rural agricultural modernization development，Or not energy saving and environmental protection、new generation information technology、High-end equipment manufacturing、New energy, new materials and other strategic emerging industry services，To fill the tube、Municipal、medical、educate、culture、Elderly care field or industrial services，Serving the export of manufacturing products and the “going global” development of enterprises，For various national key development zones and new areas、National Economic Reform and Development Pilot Zone、Economic construction services for advanced economic and technological development zones, etc.。
6、at the same time，Must fully explain the parent company’s operating conditions (operating income、profit、Asset-liability ratio、Including tax status)、The main business areas to be considered when planning to carry out financial leasing business、business model、Source of funds、The overall business development plan for the next three years and the risk control and other internal management systems of the proposed pilot company。
one、Profit model of financial leasing (1) Debt income 1. Financial leasing company，Carry out fully paid financial leasing business，Obtaining interest spreads and rental income is of course the main profit model of financial leasing companies。The spread income depends on the level of risk，Generally between 1-5% 2. Use financial leasing to allocate credit funds，For small and medium-sized enterprises, banks can control risks by increasing interest rates or leasing rates.，There is no need to lower interest rates for high-quality customers。
Because the accounting and tax treatment of leases is different from loans，Actual Financing of Customers
cost
Not higher than the loan or not much higher。
(2) Residual value income 1. Increase the residual value disposal income of leased property，Not only an important measure for financial leasing risk control，It is also one of the important profit models of financial leasing companies (especially professional financial leasing companies affiliated to manufacturers). 2. Professional financial leasing companies affiliated to manufacturers have the ability to maintain equipment.、Remanufacturing expertise and broad customer base，Can provide a full range of financial leasing services，Especially the operating leasing business welcomed by customers。
Disposal of residual value of leased property for professional financial leasing companies，It shouldn't be a risk，It’s a new profit regeneration point，The rental property has been repaired、Remanufactured and resold through leasing companies、Re-lease to get better returns。This is exactly the core competitiveness of manufacturer financial leasing companies.。
3.According to the transaction conditions and performance of the financial lease contract and the equipment re-lease after recycling、Actual proceeds from resale less rent receivable and uncollected、Maintenance and other related
cost
after，The return on residual value is generally around 5-25%，Some large general equipment such as aircraft、The income from ships, etc. will be higher.。(3) Service income 1. Leasing fee。The leasing service fee is a contract management service charge that all financial leasing companies have.。
But depending on the size of the contract、Difficulty、How much is the initial investment in the project?、The level of risk and the differences in the operating models of different companies，The standards for charging handling fees are also different.，Generally 0.5-3% 2. Financial consulting fee。Financial leasing companies are used in some large-scale project or equipment financing，Will provide customers with comprehensive financing solutions，A certain percentage of financial consulting fees or project success fees will be charged based on the financing amount.。
Depends on the size of the project，Charge ratio、Collection methods may vary，Generally, the financial consulting fee is around 0.25-5%. Financial leasing companies that are independent institutions established by professional investment institutions can carry out lease asset securitization.、Financial leasing and trust、Bond and finance lease portfolio、One of the important means of profit in relay services，It can also become an important intermediary business for financial leasing companies such as financial institutions.。3.trade commission。
Financial leasing company as equipment purchaser and investor，Facilitates the circulation of equipment，Enable manufacturers and suppliers to expand market size，Achieved direct return of sales funds。Collect commissions on sales or discounts or insurance on large-scale purchases、Transportation commission is a very normal means of profit。
Professional financial leasing companies are often set up by manufacturers to collect various types of commissions in the trade link.、Or the main profit model of financial leasing companies that are independent institutions established by financial investors such as large institutions that sign financial leasing outsourcing services with manufacturers。4.Service package charges。Financial leasing companies with manufacturer background will provide accessories and certain supplies of consumables in the financial leasing contract.、inspection、Professional training and other services。
Some of these services are advertised as free.，In fact, any service is not a free lunch，Financial leasing companies either charge separately，Either the candidate’s equipment is priced within。Combination services are one of the important profit models for professional financial leasing companies。
(4) Operating income 1. Fund raising and operation. Financial leverage - the source of working capital of financial leasing companies can enable multi-channel，When own funds are in operation，You can get an income higher than the loan interest rate for the same period，If a project uses part of its own funds，Borrow some money from the bank，The leasing company has a financial leverage effect，Not only can self-owned funds obtain rental income slightly higher than that of loans in the same period,，The borrowing part can also obtain an interest spread income for coordinated use of funds - the rental rate of financial leasing is generally equal to or higher than the loan interest rate in the same period，But as a financial leasing company, as a platform for capital operation，In the actual operation of fund raising，It is completely possible to purchase external payments according to the company's purchase contract at different times.、The specific situation of the matching degree of cash flow between the return of rents under the financial lease contract and the external repayment of mature borrowings、Decide on new financing amount and term，Safely and reasonably obtain the difference between fund use and fund raising。
2.Product portfolio services。Financial leasing companies strengthen cooperation with other financial institutions，in financing、Accelerate asset turnover、Develop different product portfolios and product relays from the four aspects of diversifying business risks and profit models，You can also get good profits。3.economies of scale。Scale operation is an important measure for financial leasing companies to improve shareholders’ investment returns.。
For example：A financial leasing company with a registered capital of US$10 million，After three years of operation，Obtained a US$90 million loan line from the bank，Formed a stable rental asset scale of US$100 million。The average financing cost is 6%，The average rental rate is 8.5%，Net income is 2%。
Then the annual self-owned funds can obtain 8% of the income, which is 800,000 US dollars.，Borrowed USD 90 million，You can get 2% interest spread income every year, which is 1.8 million，Total $2.6 million。Shareholder return is 26% per year。
(5) Tax savings in mature market economy countries，Financial lease business that is not fully repaid (operating lease business in accounting) often accounts for a large proportion of all financial leases.，Especially professional financial leasing companies with manufacturer background can achieve 60% to 80%。
Obviously this kind of depreciation is taken by the lessor，Lessee’s pre-tax expenses，Benefit from both ends，That’s why there’s so much vitality in the operating leasing business，Tax saving or tax deferral is also one of the sources of income for financial leasing companies.。Self-tax saving is possible on the premise that the financial leasing company has a certain pre-tax profit，Financial leasing companies use operating leases to lease the office space they need.、vehicle、information equipment，Rent is deducted before tax，Get tax saving benefits。
2.Depreciation swap operating leasing services provided to customers，The lessor makes a pre-tax deduction for withdrawing or accelerating the withdrawal of the leased property.，Get tax deferral。(6) Risk returns 1. Contingent rent。Contingent rent means the amount is not fixed、Based on factors other than length of time (such as percentage of sales、Usage、price index, etc.)。Contingent rents can be used as
cost
Deduct directly before tax。
For lessors，Financial leasing companies are more involved in the lessee’s risk of using the leased property，Participate in revenue distribution of usage effects。Risks for financial leasing companies increase，The possible benefits are also relatively large。2.convertible lease debt。Carrying out convertible lease bond business is a new investment method adopted by professional investment institutions to control investment risks and obtain investment returns.。
Financial leasing companies are responsible for some high-risk investment projects，You can first use financial leasing for the equipment you need，At the same time, it is agreed under certain conditions，The lessor can convert the unrealized financial lease claims into debt-for-equity at an agreed price.。do this，You can obtain equity dividends or value-added income from equity transfer after the project is successful.。two、Principle and composition of rent pricing (1) Fully paid rent pricing 1. Fully paid financial leasing business is an investment in lease debt。
Lease expires，The lessee obtains ownership of the leased property for a nominal price。The rent payable by the lessee is the main part of the lease debt。Next is the handling fee、Trade commissions and other receivables。Right now：Finance lease income = rental income during the lease period + leasing service fee。
2.The calculation method of rent is based on the actual acquisition cost of the leased property.，Or the actual financing amount provided by the financial leasing company，According to the rent repayment method stipulated in the contract (such as rent equalization method，Equal amount of principal、Balance interest method) Calculate the amount of rent payable in each period according to the lease rate。The leasing rate is generally increased by 0.5%-5% risk rate based on the bank loan interest rate for the same period.。
3.Entrusted leasing business、Or direct factoring financing of financial lease claims without recourse，Since financial leasing companies do not assume risk responsibility，The financial leasing company charges the principal and interest of the financial lease in addition to the principal and interest of the financial lease according to the financing interest rate agreed upon by the client or the fund provider.，There will be no further increase in risk rates，Generally, the leasing service fee is only charged based on the purchase cost or total lease amount.，Generally 0.5%-3%。
(2) Rent pricing for non-full repayment 1. Non-fully repayable operating lease business，In fact, it is part of the investment in lease debt and the investment in residual value reprocessing income.。
2.Rent confirmed，Generally, the residual value of the leased property at the end of the lease period is risk-priced first.，The remaining value is then deducted from the acquisition cost or actual financing amount as the basis for calculating the rent.，Add a certain risk rate to the financing interest rate，Rent repayment method stipulated in the financial lease contract，Calculate the rent payable for each period。Right now：Financial lease income = rental income + residual value disposal income + leasing service fee。
3.Professional financial leasing company affiliated with the manufacturer，For equipment under different working conditions by the lessee、After different periods of use，The residual value of the whole machine or even each component、or reuse value are clearly priced，can be based on the user’s
Require
，Quick quote。This is a professional rental company
Advantages
location。
4.If the lessee seeks off-balance sheet financing，It is possible to purchase the leased property at fair value upon expiration of the lease term.，The financial leasing company can agree in advance with the lessee on the method for determining fair value (lessor’s book method、Second-hand market transaction price method) and the principle of bearing residual value risks and benefits，After deducting the residual value，Calculate the rent again。
(3) Short-term lease rental pricing 1. Financial leasing companies sell the leased assets they recover、Rent and sale、Rental services，It is actually an investment business that sells and rents second-hand equipment.，It is the main way to realize the residual value of the leased property and obtain investment income. 2. The pricing of leasing services is not a purely theoretical issue.，many factors、There are a lot of variables，It is completely a market-oriented pricing behavior.。
The main influencing factors are the market supply and demand relationship of homogeneous products and the rental rate，Secondly, the lessor’s cost
cost
、The level of management and service quality (1) Cost method：Annual rental income = (lease residual value / undepreciated life) / occupancy rate + annual maintenance cost + various items
cost
Tax + expected profit (2) market approach：Rental income = market rent/rental rate 3. Professional leasing companies will determine the rental income based on the usage characteristics of the equipment and the needs of the users.，Methods for determining different rental pricing，Rutai time method、Daily rent law、monthly rent law、workload method、Use count method、dry lease、wet rent、Revenue sharing method, etc.。
According to market supply and demand，Adjust rent promptly，Increase occupancy rate。How to register a financial leasing company? What are the differences in the registration and processing of foreign-funded financial leasing companies and domestic-funded financial leasing companies? Which financial leasing company is more suitable for your business? For details, please consult Hong Kong Xintong-!
About Hong Kong Xintong
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