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英国税制以原始的直接税为主体

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17世纪前英国税制以原始的直接税为主体,并辅之以某些单项消费税和其他税收。17~18世纪盛行消费税,开始建立以直接税为主体的税制结构。1799年首创所得税后税制结构发生变化到第二次世界大战后直接税收入已占税收收入总额的50%左右形成以直接税为主体的税制体系

1973年英国加入欧洲共同体后开始征收增值税间接税比重上升但仍以直接税为主要税收来源。1975年颁布石油税收法令对石油公司征收石油收入税等。1976年8月对开发土地资源取得的收益或在土地所有权转移中取得的收益课征土地开发税

到1990年设置的主要税种有个人所得税公司税社会保险税国内货物及劳务税增值税、consumption tax、财产税石油收入税土地开发税印花税资产转让税和关税等

in,中央税收总收入中,个人所得税占30.21%公司税占12.09%社会保险税占20.63%国内货物及劳务税占34.14%财产税占2.75%英国是实行中央集权制的国家税收收入和权限高度集中于中央英国税收分为国税和地方税

国税由中央政府掌握占全国税收收入的90%左右是中央财政最主要的来源地方税由地方政府负责占全国税收收入的10%左右是地方财政的重要来源但不是主要来源构成地方财政主要财源的是中央对地方的财政补助与税收收入划分相适应英国的税收权限也高度集中于中央

全国的税收立法权由中央掌握地方只对属于本级政府的地方税才享有征收权及适当的税率调整权和减免权等但这些权限也受到中央的限制如80年代英国颁布的地方税收额封顶法就是显著一例


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Aaron Pengyi

2009Graduated from Cambridge University, UK,Singaporean,Hong Kong permanent resident。

Engaged in cross-border financial and corporate compliance consulting for 16 years,Focus on various types of license applications in Hong Kong (149、9Number、MSO、insurance broker、moneylender)、Offshore company registration (BVI、Japan、Singapore、Taiwan、UK) and offshore fund establishment。

Good at efficient compliance solutions and cross-border architecture planning,Has served more than 1,000 companies。

If you encounter difficulties in cross-border financial business,please contact me。

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